1. Fallopian Tube Cancer
- Description: A rare gynecologic cancer originating in the fallopian tubes.
- Symptoms: Pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, and a mass in the pelvis.
- Risk Factors: Family history of ovarian or breast cancer, BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations.
- Treatment: Often involves surgery, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies.
2. Uterine (Endometrial) Cancer
- Description: Common in postmenopausal women, affecting the lining of the uterus.
- Symptoms: Vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, and abnormal discharge.
- Risk Factors: Age, obesity, hormone replacement therapy, and family history.
- Treatment: Surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy.
3. Bladder Cancer
- Description: Cancer that originates in the bladder’s urothelial cells.
- Symptoms: Blood in urine, frequent urination, and pelvic pain.
- Risk Factors: Smoking, exposure to certain chemicals, and chronic bladder infections.
- Treatment: Surgery, radiation, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy.
4. Thyroid Cancer
- Description: Cancer in the thyroid gland, which regulates metabolism.
- Symptoms: Lump in the neck, voice changes, and difficulty swallowing.
- Risk Factors: Radiation exposure, family history, and certain genetic mutations.
- Treatment: Surgery, radioactive iodine, hormone therapy, and sometimes radiation.
5. Colon Cancer
- Description: Begins in the large intestine, typically in the lining of the colon.
- Symptoms: Changes in bowel habits, blood in stool, abdominal discomfort.
- Risk Factors: High-fat diet, age, family history, inflammatory bowel disease.
- Treatment: Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapy.
6. Gallbladder Cancer
- Description: Often diagnosed late due to lack of early symptoms.
- Symptoms: Abdominal pain, jaundice, and nausea.
- Risk Factors: Gallstones, obesity, and chronic gallbladder inflammation.
- Treatment: Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.
7. Stomach Cancer
- Description: Develops in the lining of the stomach.
- Symptoms: Indigestion, stomach pain, nausea, and weight loss.
- Risk Factors: Infection with H. pylori, smoking, and diet high in smoked foods.
- Treatment: Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapy.
8. Ovarian Cancer
- Description: Often detected at an advanced stage; involves the ovaries.
- Symptoms: Bloating, pelvic pain, and frequent urination.
- Risk Factors: Age, family history, BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.
- Treatment: Surgery and chemotherapy, often with targeted therapies.
9. Brain Tumor
- Description: Abnormal growth of cells in the brain tissue.
- Symptoms: Headaches, seizures, vision changes, and cognitive difficulties.
- Risk Factors: Genetic syndromes, exposure to radiation.
- Treatment: Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy.
10. Oral Cancer
- Description: Includes cancers of the mouth, tongue, and throat.
- Symptoms: Mouth sores, difficulty swallowing, and a persistent sore throat.
- Risk Factors: Smoking, alcohol use, HPV infection.
- Treatment: Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.
11. Kidney Cancer
- Description: Often detected incidentally during imaging.
- Symptoms: Blood in urine, back pain, and unexplained weight loss.
- Risk Factors: Smoking, obesity, high blood pressure.
- Treatment: Surgery, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy.
12. Esophageal Cancer
- Description: Occurs in the esophagus, often linked to acid reflux and smoking.
- Symptoms: Difficulty swallowing, chest pain, weight loss.
- Risk Factors: Smoking, heavy alcohol use, GERD.
- Treatment: Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.
13. Pancreatic Cancer
- Description: Often discovered late due to few early symptoms.
- Symptoms: Jaundice, weight loss, and abdominal pain.
- Risk Factors: Smoking, obesity, chronic pancreatitis.
- Treatment: Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.
14. Breast Cancer
- Description: Most common in women, but also affects men.
- Symptoms: Lump in the breast, nipple discharge, and skin changes.
- Risk Factors: Age, family history, BRCA mutations.
- Treatment: Surgery, radiation, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy.