Hip Replacement Surgery in India

Hip replacement surgery treats a hip joint damaged by arthritis, avascular necrosis (loss of blood supply to the bone), or fracture, when pain and stiffness significantly limit daily activity and other treatments haven't provided enough relief. The surgeon removes the damaged ball of the thigh bone and the worn socket in the pelvis, replacing them with an artificial implant that recreates smooth, pain-free hip movement.

Unilateral vs bilateral hip replacement

Unilateral hip replacement treats one hip and is the more common procedure. Bilateral hip replacement treats both hips, either in the same operation for patients fit enough to tolerate a longer surgery and recovery, or as two staged surgeries a few weeks or months apart. Your surgeon will assess your overall fitness and the condition of both hips before recommending which approach suits you.

Total replacement vs partial replacement vs resurfacing

Total hip replacement, which replaces both the ball and socket, is the most common and well-established approach. Partial hip replacement (hemiarthroplasty) replaces only the ball, and is generally used for certain hip fractures rather than arthritis. Hip resurfacing, which reshapes rather than fully replaces the ball of the joint, is an option for select, typically younger and more active, patients with suitable bone quality. Your surgeon confirms the right approach based on your diagnosis, age and activity level.

Surgical approach and implant choice

Hip replacement can be done through different surgical approaches, including posterior and anterior approaches, each with its own recovery considerations that your surgeon will explain. Implants also vary by material combination, such as ceramic-on-plastic or ceramic-on-ceramic bearings, and by fixation method, cemented or cementless, chosen based on your bone quality and activity level. Robotic or navigation-assisted techniques are available at many centres for added precision in implant alignment.